Autor Tema: SOBRE HURACANES / TIFONES / CICLONES  (Leído 54467 veces)

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Re: SOBRE HURACANES / TIFONES / CICLONES
« Respuesta #60 en: Enero 21, 2010, 22:01:34 »
Creo que te equivocaste de topic  -w- -w-

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Re: SOBRE HURACANES / TIFONES / CICLONES
« Respuesta #61 en: Enero 22, 2010, 18:39:28 »
Creo que te equivocaste de topic  -w- -w-

 -p- -p- ..es que el peque me vuelve loca  -p- -p- -p-
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Re: SOBRE HURACANES / TIFONES / CICLONES
« Respuesta #62 en: Marzo 22, 2010, 22:12:22 »
lista de nombres de huracanes para la temporada 2010 en el atlantico

Alex,
Bonnie,
Colin,
Danielle,
Earl,
Fiona,
Gaston,
Hermine,
Igor,
Julia,
Karl,

Lisa,
Mateo,
Nicole,
Otto,
Paula,
Richard,
Shary,
Tomas,
Virginie,
Walter
« Última modificación: Septiembre 16, 2010, 21:06:50 por deltaforce »
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Re: SOBRE HURACANES / TIFONES / CICLONES
« Respuesta #63 en: Abril 15, 2010, 21:35:34 »
LA NUEVA ESCALA

The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale

The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale was updated in early 2010. Below are links to the updated documents which were accepted by the National Weather Service.

http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutsshs.shtml

The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale is a 1 to 5 categorization based on the hurricane's intensity at the indicated time. The scale provides examples of the type of damage and impacts in the United States associated with winds of the indicated intensity.

In general, damage rises by about a factor of four for every category increase1. The maximum sustained surface wind speed (peak 1-minute wind at the standard meteorological observation height of 10 m [33 ft] over unobstructed exposure) associated with the cyclone is the determining factor in the scale. (Note that sustained winds can be stronger in hilly or mountainous terrain – such as the over the Appalachians or over much of Puerto Rico – compared with that experienced over flat terrain2.)

The historical examples provided in each of the categories correspond with the observed or estimated maximum wind speeds from the hurricane experienced at the location indicated. These do not necessarily correspond with the peak intensity reached by the system during its lifetime. It is also important to note that peak 1-minute winds in hurricane are believed to diminish by one category within a short distance, perhaps a kilometer [~ half a mile] of the coastline3. For example, Hurricane Wilma made landfall in 2005 in southwest Florida as a Category 3 hurricane. Even though this hurricane only took four hours to traverse the peninsula, the winds experienced by most Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach County communities were Category 1 to Category 2 conditions. However, exceptions to this generalization are certainly possible.

The scale does not address the potential for other hurricane-related impacts, such as storm surge, rainfall-induced floods, and tornadoes.

 It should also be noted that these wind-caused damage general descriptions are to some degree dependent upon the local building codes in effect and how well and how long they have been enforced. For example, building codes enacted during the 2000s in Florida, North Carolina and South Carolina are likely to reduce the damage to newer structures from that described below.

However, for a long time to come, the majority of the building stock in existence on the coast will not have been built to higher code. Hurricane wind damage is also very dependent upon other factors, such as duration of high winds, change of wind direction, and age of structures.

Earlier versions of this scale – known as the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale – incorporated central pressure and storm surge as components of the categories.

The central pressure was used during the 1970s and 1980s as a proxy for the winds as accurate wind speed intensity measurements from aircraft reconnaissance were not routinely available for hurricanes until 19904. Storm surge was also quantified by category in the earliest published versions of the scale dating back to 19725.

However, hurricane size (extent of hurricane-force winds), local bathymetry (depth of near-shore waters), topography, the hurricane.s forward speed and angle to the coast also affect the surge that is produced6,7. For example, the very large Hurricane Ike (with hurricane force winds extending as much as 125 mi from the center) in 2008 made landfall in Texas as a Category 2 hurricane and had peak storm surge values of about 20 ft.

In contrast, tiny Hurricane Charley (with hurricane force winds extending at most 25 mi from the center) struck Florida in 2004 as a Category 4 hurricane and produced a peak storm surge of only about 7 ft. These storm surge values were substantially outside of the ranges suggested in the original scale.

Thus to help reduce public confusion about the impacts associated with the various hurricane categories as well as to provide a more scientifically defensible scale, the storm surge ranges, flooding impact and central pressure statements are being removed from the scale and only peak winds are employed in this revised version – the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale.

(The impact statements below were derived from recommendations graciously provided by experts [Bruce Harper, Forrest Masters, Mark Powell, Tim Marshall, Tim Reinhold, and Peter Vickery] in hurricane boundary layer winds and hurricane wind engineering fields8,9.)

 .-b



Category One Hurricane (Sustained winds 74-95 mph [119-153 km/hr]).



Very dangerous winds will produce some damage

People, livestock, and pets struck by flying or falling debris could be injured or killed. Older (mainly pre-1994 construction) mobile homes could be destroyed, especially if they are not anchored properly as they tend to shift or roll off their foundations. Newer mobile homes that are anchored properly can sustain damage involving the removal of shingle or metal roof coverings, and loss of vinyl siding, as well as damage to carports, sunrooms, or lanais. Some poorly constructed frame homes can experience major damage, involving loss of the roof covering and damage to gable ends as well as the removal of porch coverings and awnings. Unprotected windows may break if struck by flying debris. Masonry chimneys can be toppled. Well-constructed frame homes could have damage to roof shingles, vinyl siding, soffit panels, and gutters. Failure of aluminum, screened-in, swimming pool enclosures can occur. Some apartment building and shopping center roof coverings could be partially removed. Industrial buildings can lose roofing and siding especially from windward corners, rakes, and eaves. Failures to overhead doors and unprotected windows will be common. Windows in high-rise buildings can be broken by flying debris. Falling and broken glass will pose a significant danger even after the storm. There will be occasional damage to commercial signage, fences, and canopies. Large branches of trees will snap and shallow rooted trees can be toppled. Extensive damage to power lines and poles will likely result in power outages that could last a few to several days. Hurricane Dolly (2008) is an example of a hurricane that brought Category 1 winds and impacts to South Padre Island, Texas.

Category Two Hurricane (Sustained winds 96-110 mph [154-177 km/hr]).


Extremely dangerous winds will cause extensive damage

There is a substantial risk of injury or death to people, livestock, and pets due to flying and falling debris. Older (mainly pre-1994 construction) mobile homes have a very high chance of being destroyed and the flying debris generated can shred nearby mobile homes. Newer mobile homes can also be destroyed. Poorly constructed frame homes have a high chance of having their roof structures removed especially if they are not anchored properly. Unprotected windows will have a high probability of being broken by flying debris. Well-constructed frame homes could sustain major roof and siding damage. Failure of aluminum, screened-in, swimming pool enclosures will be common. There will be a substantial percentage of roof and siding damage to apartment buildings and industrial buildings. Unreinforced masonry walls can collapse. Windows in high-rise buildings can be broken by flying debris. Falling and broken glass will pose a significant danger even after the storm. Commercial signage, fences, and canopies will be damaged and often destroyed. Many shallowly rooted trees will be snapped or uprooted and block numerous roads. Near-total power loss is expected with outages that could last from several days to weeks. Potable water could become scarce as filtration systems begin to fail. Hurricane Frances (2004) is an example of a hurricane that brought Category 2 winds and impacts to coastal portions of Port St. Lucie, Florida with Category 1 conditions experienced elsewhere in the city.

Category Three Hurricane (Sustained winds 111-130 mph [178-209 km/hr]).

Devastating damage will occur

There is a high risk of injury or death to people, livestock, and pets due to flying and falling debris. Nearly all older (pre-1994) mobile homes will be destroyed. Most newer mobile homes will sustain severe damage with potential for complete roof failure and wall collapse. Poorly constructed frame homes can be destroyed by the removal of the roof and exterior walls. Unprotected windows will be broken by flying debris. Well-built frame homes can experience major damage involving the removal of roof decking and gable ends. There will be a high percentage of roof covering and siding damage to apartment buildings and industrial buildings. Isolated structural damage to wood or steel framing can occur. Complete failure of older metal buildings is possible, and older unreinforced masonry buildings can collapse. Numerous windows will be blown out of high-rise buildings resulting in falling glass, which will pose a threat for days to weeks after the storm. Most commercial signage, fences, and canopies will be destroyed. Many trees will be snapped or uprooted, blocking numerous roads. Electricity and water will be unavailable for several days to a few weeks after the storm passes. Hurricane Ivan (2004) is an example of a hurricane that brought Category 3 winds and impacts to coastal portions of Gulf Shores, Alabama with Category 2 conditions experienced elsewhere in this city.

Category Four Hurricane (Sustained winds 131-155 mph [210-249 km/hr]).

Catastrophic damage will occur

There is a very high risk of injury or death to people, livestock, and pets due to flying and falling debris. Nearly all older (pre-1994) mobile homes will be destroyed. A high percentage of newer mobile homes also will be destroyed. Poorly constructed homes can sustain complete collapse of all walls as well as the loss of the roof structure. Well-built homes also can sustain severe damage with loss of most of the roof structure and/or some exterior walls. Extensive damage to roof coverings, windows, and doors will occur. Large amounts of windborne debris will be lofted into the air. Windborne debris damage will break most unprotected windows and penetrate some protected windows. There will be a high percentage of structural damage to the top floors of apartment buildings. Steel frames in older industrial buildings can collapse. There will be a high percentage of collapse to older unreinforced masonry buildings. Most windows will be blown out of high-rise buildings resulting in falling glass, which will pose a threat for days to weeks after the storm. Nearly all commercial signage, fences, and canopies will be destroyed. Most trees will be snapped or uprooted and power poles downed. Fallen trees and power poles will isolate residential areas. Power outages will last for weeks to possibly months. Long-term water shortages will increase human suffering. Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months. Hurricane Charley (2004) is an example of a hurricane that brought Category 4 winds and impacts to coastal portions of Punta Gorda, Florida with Category 3 conditions experienced elsewhere in the city.

Category Five Hurricane (Sustained winds greater than 155 mph [249 km/hr]).

Catastrophic damage will occur

People, livestock, and pets are at very high risk of injury or death from flying or falling debris, even if indoors in mobile homes or framed homes. Almost complete destruction of all mobile homes will occur, regardless of age or construction. A high percentage of frame homes will be destroyed, with total roof failure and wall collapse. Extensive damage to roof covers, windows, and doors will occur. Large amounts of windborne debris will be lofted into the air. Windborne debris damage will occur to nearly all unprotected windows and many protected windows. Significant damage to wood roof commercial buildings will occur due to loss of roof sheathing. Complete collapse of many older metal buildings can occur. Most unreinforced masonry walls will fail which can lead to the collapse of the buildings. A high percentage of industrial buildings and low-rise apartment buildings will be destroyed. Nearly all windows will be blown out of high-rise buildings resulting in falling glass, which will pose a threat for days to weeks after the storm. Nearly all commercial signage, fences, and canopies will be destroyed. Nearly all trees will be snapped or uprooted and power poles downed. Fallen trees and power poles will isolate residential areas. Power outages will last for weeks to possibly months. Long-term water shortages will increase human suffering. Most of the area will be uninhabitable for weeks or months. Hurricane Andrew (1992) is an example of a hurricane that brought Category 5 winds and impacts to coastal portions of Cutler Ridge, Florida with Category 4 conditions experienced elsewhere in south Miami-Dade County.



 .-b .-b .-b .-b


queda asi : Category  =   Winds (1 min sustained winds in mph and km/hr)


categoría 1     

74-95 mph
[119-153 km/hr]


categoría 2


96-110 mph
[154-177 km/hr]

categoria 3

111-130 mph
[178-209 km/hr]

categoría 4

131-155 mph
[210-249 km/hr]

categoría 5

    > 155 mph
[> 249 km/hr ]



« Última modificación: Abril 15, 2010, 21:50:20 por deltaforce »
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Re: SOBRE HURACANES / TIFONES / CICLONES
« Respuesta #64 en: Julio 11, 2010, 10:10:05 »
RESUMENES DE LA TEMPORADA 2009  :




                               ATLANTIC BASIN





 NUM  NAME          DATES           CENT PRS   MSW               BASIN
                                      (mb)    (kts)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------

 --   -----               17-23 May         1004      30                ATL (1)
 01   -----              26-30 May         1006      30                ATL
 --   -----                28 May-04 Jun      995      45                ATL (2)
 02   Ana              10-16 Aug         1003 *    35                ATL
 03   Bill                15-26 Aug          943 *   115                ATL
 04   Claudette     16-17 Aug         1005 *    50                ATL
 05   Danny           26-29 Aug         1006 *    50                ATL
 06   Erika             01-04 Sep         1004 *    45                ATL
 07   Fred              07-17 Sep          958     105                ATL
 08   -----              25-26 Sep         1008      30                ATL
 09   Grace           27 Sep-06 Oct      986      55                ATL
 10   Henri            06-11 Oct         1005      45                ATL
 11   Ida               04-11 Nov          975 *    90                ATL

 NOTES:

 (1) System did not reach tropical depression status, but became fairly
     well-organized and was close to depression status as it neared the
     northern Gulf of Mexico coastline.

 (2) System (NRL Invest 92L) was a non-tropical LOW near and to the north
     of the Azores which exhibited some subtropical cyclone features.

 (3) A LOW east of Bermuda in early November exhibited some subtropical
     cyclone characteristics and garnered a rating of ST3.0 on the
     Hebert/Poteat scale from SAB.  However, no track was prepared for
     this system in the monthly cyclone tracks file.




                         NORTHEAST PACFICIC BASIN

 NUM  NAME          DATES           CENT PRS   MSW               BASIN
                                      (mb)    (kts)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------

 01E  -----              17-19 Jun         1003      30                NEP
 02E  Andres         21-24 Jun          984      70                NEP
 03E  Blanca          06-12 Jul          998      45                NEP
 04E  Carlos          10-16 Jul          971      90                NEP
 05E  Dolores        14-20 Jul          997      50                NEP
 06E  Lana            30 Jul-06 Aug      995      55                NEP (1)
 07E  Enrique        03-08 Aug          994      55                NEP
 08E  Felicia           03-11 Aug          935     125                NEP
 09E  -----              09-15 Aug         1006      30                NEP
 01C  Maka           11-18 Aug         1008      45 (2)            NEP/NWP
 10E  Guillermo     12-23 Aug          954     110                NEP
 11E  Hilda            21-31 Aug          995      55                NEP
 12E  Ignacio        24-28 Aug          999      45                NEP
 13E  Jimena         28 Aug-05 Sep      931 *   135                NEP
 14E  Kevin           27 Aug-06 Sep     1000      45                NEP
 02C  -----             29 Aug-01 Sep     1004      30                NEP/NWP
 15E  Linda           06-15 Sep          985      70                NEP
 16E  Marty          15-22 Sep         1002      40                NEP
 17E  Nora            22-29 Sep          997      50                NEP
 18E  Olaf             01-04 Oct          996      40                NEP
 19E  Patricia       11-15 Oct          996      50                NEP
 20E  Rick             15-21 Oct          906     155                NEP
 03C  Neki            18-27 Oct          956     105                NEP

 NOTES:

 (1) TD-06E formed east of 140W but had moved westward into CPHC's AOR
     before reaching tropical storm intensity; hence, was named from the
     list of Hawaiian names.

 (2) Maka's peak intensity east of the Dateline was 35 kts.  The system
     weakened, but regenerated to tropical storm intensity in the NWP
     basin.  This based upon JTWC's analysis--JMA treated the system
     as a 30-kt tropical depression throughout its history in the NWP
     basin.




                          NORTHWEST PACFICIC BASIN

 JTWC    NAME(S)      JMA     DATES         CENT    MSW   MSW    BASIN
 NUM                TROP STM                PRS    1-MIN 10-MIN
                      NUM                   (mb)   (kts) (kts)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------

 ---  Auring          ----                     03-05 Jan       1000     --    30     NWP (1)
 ---  Bising          ----                     12-13 Feb       1002     --    25     NWP (1)
 ---  Crising         ----                    30 Apr-01 May   1000     --    30     NWP (1)
 01W  Kujira/Dante    0901          01-11 May        945    115    80     NWP
 ---  -----           ----                       01-04 May       1002     --    30     NWP (3)
 02W  Chan-hom/Emong  0902    02-13 May        960     85    75     NWP
 03W  Linfa           0903               14-23 Jun        975     75    60     NWP
 04W  Nangka/Feria    0904         22-27 Jun        994     45    40     NWP
 05W  Soudelor/Gorio  0905        09-12 Jul        996     35    35     NWP
 06W  Huaning         ----              11-14 Jul       1000     30    30     NWP (2)
 07W  Molave/Isang    0906        14-19 Jul        975     65    65     NWP
 08W  Goni/Jolina     0907            31 Jul-09 Aug    990     45    40     NWP (4)
 09W  Morakot/Kiko    0908         02-11 Aug        945     85    80     NWP
 10W  Etau            0909              07-14 Aug        990     35    50     NWP
 11W  Vamco           0910            16-28 Aug        945    115    95     NWP
 12W  Krovanh         0911             27 Aug-08 Sep    975     60    60     NWP
 13W  Dujuan/Labuyo   0912       01-12 Sep        980     55    50     NWP
 14W  Mujigae/Maring  0913        08-12 Sep        994     30    35     NWP
 15W  Choi-wan        0914           12-24 Sep        915    140   100     NWP
 16W  Koppu/Nando     0915       11-15 Sep        975     70    65     NWP
 17W  Ketsana/Ondoy   0916      23-30 Sep        960     90    75     NWP
 18W  -----           ----                    26-30 Sep       1000     35    25     NWP
 19W  Parma/Pepeng    0917       27 Sep-14 Oct    920    130   105     NWP
 20W  Melor/Quedan    0918        29 Sep-11 Oct    915    145   110     NWP
 21W  Nepartak        0919            08-19 Oct        992     55    45     NWP
 22W  Lupit/Ramil     0920            14-30 Oct        930    135    95     NWP
 23W  Mirinae/Santi   0921          25 Oct-02 Nov    955     90    80     NWP
 24W  Tino            ----                  01-03 Nov       1006     30    30     NWP (2)
 25W  -----           ----                   06-10 Nov       1000     45    30     NWP
 26W  Nida/Vinta      0922           21 Nov-03 Dec    905    160   115     NWP
 27W  Urduja          ----                21-25 Nov       1002     30    30     NWP (2)
 ---  -----           ----                      24-26 Nov       1006     --    30     NWP (3)
 28W  -----           -----                 03-08 Dec       1002     35    25     NWP

 NOTES:

 (1) Tracked by PAGASA only.

 (2) This system was named by PAGASA.

 (3) Classified as a tropical depression by JMA only.

 (4) Peak 10-min avg MSW estimated by PAGASA.







                          NORTH INDIAN OCEAN BASIN

 JTWC    NAME        IMD      DATES         CENT    MSW   MSW    BASIN
 NUM               TROP CYC                 PRS    1-MIN 3-MIN
                     ID                     (mb)   (kts) (kts)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------


 01B  Bijli        BOB 01          14-17 Apr      996      50    40     NIO
 02B  Aila         BOB 02         23-26 May      980      65    60     NIO
 ---  -----        ARB 01            22-26 Jun      996      30    25     NIO (1)
 ---  -----        BOB 03           20 Jul         988      --    30     NIO
 03B  -----        BOB 04         04-06 Sep      990      35    30     NIO
 04A  Phyan        ARB 03      06-11 Nov      988      50    45     NIO
 05B  Ward         BOB 05     10-15 Dec      996      50    45     NIO

 NOTES:

 (1) This system moved inland into northwestern India, weakened, and then
     subsequently moved back over the Arabian Sea.  After moving back out
     over water, the IMD designated it as depression ARB 02.

 (2) Some of the information regarding the 3-min avg MSW and central
     pressure estimates for the North Indian Ocean systems was gleaned
     from the Wikipedia reports.


« Última modificación: Julio 11, 2010, 10:17:11 por deltaforce »
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Re: SOBRE HURACANES / TIFONES / CICLONES
« Respuesta #65 en: Julio 11, 2010, 10:58:56 »
RESUMEN TEMPORADAS ANTERIORES A PARTIR DE 1998 HASTA 2008  EN EL ATLANTIC NORTE - http://www.maybagyo.com/




                           ATLANTIC BASIN 1998




 NUM  NAME          DATES           CENT PRS   MSW               BASIN
                                      (mb)    (kts)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 01   Alex               27 Jul-02 Aug     1000      50                ATL
 02   Bonnie          19-30 Aug          954*    100                ATL
 03   Charley         21-22 Aug         1000*     60                ATL
 04   Danielle        24 Aug-05 Sep      960*     90                ATL (1)
 05   Earl              31 Aug-08 Sep      985*     85                ATL
 06   Frances        08-12 Sep          990*     55                ATL
 07   Georges       15-29 Sep          937*    135                ATL
 08   Hermine       17-20 Sep          999*     40                ATL
 09   Ivan             20-28 Sep          975      80                ATL
 10   Jeanne        21 Sep-01 Oct      969      90                ATL
 11   Karl             23-29 Sep          970      90                ATL
 12   Lisa             05-09 Oct          995      65                ATL (1)
 13   Mitch           22 Oct-08 Nov      905*    155                ATL
 14   Nicole          24 Nov-02 Dec      979      75                ATL





                          ATLANTIC BASIN 1999





 NUM  NAME          DATES           CENT PRS   MSW               BASIN
                                      (mb)    (kts)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------

 01   Arlene           11-18 Jun         1008*     50                ATL
 02   -----               02-03 Jul         1004*     30                ATL
 03   Bret              18-25 Aug          944*    120                ATL
 04   Cindy            19-31 Aug          944     120                ATL
 05   Dennis          24 Aug-07 Sep      962*     90                ATL
 06   Emily             24-28 Aug         1004*     45                ATL
 07   -----              05-07 Sep         1005      30                ATL
 08   Floyd            07-17 Sep          921*    135                ATL
 --   "Delta"          07-11 Sep          ---      25                ATL (1)
 09   Gert             11-24 Sep          930     130                ATL
 --   "Epsilon"       13-17 Sep         1005      30                ATL (2)
 10   Harvey        19-22 Sep          994*     50                ATL
 11   -----             04-06 Oct         1002*     30                ATL
 12   -----             06-08 Oct         1007      30                ATL
 13   Irene           13-21 Oct          958*     95                ATL
 14   Jose            17-28 Oct          979*     85                ATL
 15   Katrina       28 Oct-01 Nov      999*     35                ATL
 --   -----              05-07 Nov          998      30                ATL (3)
 16   Lenny         13-21 Nov          933*    135                ATL
 --   -----              24 Nov-03 Dec      997      40                ATL (3)

 NOTES:

 (1) After a post-season review of available data, it was determined that
     this system had been quite weak.  But in satellite imagery it did
     display some features which raised the possibility that it could
     have been a very small midget tropical cyclone of somewhat greater
     intensity--hence its inclusion in the September summary.

 (2) This system had more to commend its possible inclusion as an unnamed
     tropical storm, but after a careful review of available data, it
     was decided not to include the system as a tropical storm.  There
     were some winds exceeding gale force reported by ships, but these
     were not near the center when the LOW was best organized.  This
     system will likely be considered as a unnumbered/non-operational
     tropical depression by TPC/NHC.

 (3) These two systems were hybrid LOWs which exhibited some subtropical
     characteristics but which never acquired enough organized central
     convection to be regarded as tropical cyclones.   The gale-force
     winds reported in the second system were peripheral gales well
     removed from the central area of the LOW.





                             ATLANTIC BASIN 2000




 NUM  NAME          DATES           CENT PRS   MSW               BASIN
                                      (mb)    (kts)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------

 --   -----               19-25 May         1012*     30                ATL (1)
 01   -----              07-08 Jun         1008*     25                ATL
 02   -----              23-25 Jun         1008      30                ATL
 03   Alberto         03-23 Aug          950     110                ATL
 04   -----              04-11 Aug         1009*     30                ATL
 --   "Lambda"      11-13 Aug         1006      35                ATL (2)
 05   Beryl            13-15 Aug         1007*     45                ATL
 06   Chris            17-19 Aug         1008      35                ATL
 07   Debby          19-24 Aug          993*     75                ATL
 --   -----               28-31 Aug         1005      35                ATL (3)
 08   Ernesto        01-03 Sep         1008      35                ATL
 09   -----              08-09 Sep         1009      30                ATL
 10   Florence       10-17 Sep          985      70                ATL
 11   Gordon         14-21 Sep          981*     70                ATL
 12   Helene         15-25 Sep          986      60                ATL
 13   Isaac            21 Sep-01 Oct      943     120                ATL
 14   Joyce            25 Sep-02 Oct      975      80                ATL
 15   Keith             28 Sep-06 Oct      939*    120                ATL
 --   -----                30 Sep-04 Oct      987      40                ATL (3)
 16   Leslie            04-10 Oct         1003*     40                ATL (4)
 17   Michael         15-20 Oct          979*     85                ATL
 18   Nadine         19-22 Oct          999      50                ATL
 --   -----                25-29 Oct          978      55                ATL (5)

 NOTES:

 (1) Information on this system was supplied by Michael Pitt and David
     Roth.   David classified this system as a subtropical depression.

 (2) This system was included in the August summary based on a Dvorak
     rating of T2.0 from SAB and a peripheral ship report of 35 kts
     which suggested that it might be given some consideration for later
     inclusion as a tropical depression or storm.   However, it now
     appears unlikely that this system will qualify as an unnamed
     tropical storm.

 (3) These systems had some hybrid characteristics and could possibly be
     added to the Best Track file as subtropical storms pending a
     complete review of all available data.  Tracks upon which the above
     information was based were supplied by David Roth.

 (4) Before being upgraded to TS Leslie, operational advisories were
     issued on this system as Subtropical Depression #1.

 (5) This storm system was treated operationally as a non-tropical storm,
     but has since been officially reclassified as a subtropical storm
     and will be added to the Best Tracks database.







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Re: SOBRE HURACANES / TIFONES / CICLONES
« Respuesta #66 en: Julio 11, 2010, 10:59:18 »





                            ATLANTIC BASIN 2001



 NUM  NAME          DATES           CENT PRS   MSW               BASIN
                                      (mb)    (kts)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------

 --   -----               25-28 Apr         1009      35                ATL (1)
 --   -----               05-08 May         1004      45                ATL (1)
 01   Allison          05-19 Jun         1000*     50                ATL
 02   -----             11-12 Jul         1010      25                ATL
 03   Barry            02-07 Aug          990*     60                ATL
 04   Chantal       14-22 Aug          997*     60                ATL
 05   Dean            22-29 Aug          994      60                ATL
 06   Erin               01-17 Sep          968*    105                ATL
 --   -----                04-10 Sep          ---      30                ATL (2)
 07   Felix              07-19 Sep          962     100                ATL
 08   Gabrielle       11-21 Sep          975*     70                ATL (7)
 09   -----               19-20 Sep         1005      30                ATL (3)
 10   Humberto      21-28 Sep          970      90                ATL
 11   Iris                04-09 Oct          948*    125                ATL
 12   Jerry             06-08 Oct         1004*     45                ATL
 13   Karen           10-15 Oct          982      70                ATL (4)
 14   Lorenzo        25-31 Oct         1007      35                ATL
 15   Michelle        29 Oct-06 Nov      933*    120                ATL
 16   Noel             01-07 Nov          986      65                ATL (5)
 17   Olga             23 Nov-06 Dec      973*     80                ATL (6)


 NOTES:

 (1) Systems were hybrid-type systems which David Roth felt were possibly
     subtropical storms.  Track and intensity information were provided
     to the author by David.   The minimum central pressure and maximum
     sustained winds given in the table were obtained from actual ship
     observations and not through satellite analysis.

 (2) This system was a tropical wave which was accompanied by a broad
     LOW.  NHC chose not to classify it as a depression--the track and
     intensity were sent to the author by Roger Edson who felt that it
     did qualify as a tropical depression.

 (3) The remnants of this depression moved into the Eastern North Pacific
     and were instrumental in the development of Hurricane Juliette.

 (4) Initially identified operationally as Subtropical Storm #1.

 (5) The official post-storm "best track" identifies the earlier portion
     of Noel's track as a subtropical storm; however, the system was not
     classified operationally as a subtropical storm.

 (6) Initially identified operationally as Subtropical Storm #2.

 (7) Minimum central pressure occurred as Gabrielle was on the verge of
     becoming extratropical.  The minimum pressure at the time of peak
     intensity was estimated at 983 mb.   This was also the central
     pressure at the time of landfall near Venice, FL.




                           ATLANTIC BASIN 2002



 NUM  NAME          DATES           CENT PRS   MSW               BASIN
                                      (mb)    (kts)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------

 01   Arthur           13-19 Jul          997      50                ATL
 02   Bertha           04-09 Aug         1008 *    35                ATL
 03   Cristobal       04-11 Aug          999 *    45                ATL
 04   Dolly              29 Aug-04 Sep      994      50                ATL
 05   Edouard        01-06 Sep         1003 *    55                ATL
 06   Fay                04-11 Sep          998 *    50                ATL
 07   -----               07-08 Sep         1009      30                ATL
 08   Gustav          07-14 Sep          960 *    85                ATL
 09   Hanna          12-16 Sep         1001 *    45                ATL
 10   Isidore         14-27 Sep          934 *   110                ATL
 11   Josephine     17-19 Sep         1009      35                ATL
 12   Kyle              20 Sep-17 Oct      980      75                ATL
 13   Lili                21 Sep-04 Oct      938 *   125                ATL
 14   -----              14-18 Oct         1002 *    30                ATL




                             ATLANTIC BASIN 2003



 NUM  NAME          DATES           CENT PRS   MSW               BASIN
                                      (mb)    (kts)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   
 01   Ana              16-27 Apr          996      50                ATL
 02   -----             11-12 Jun         1008      30                ATL
 03   Bill                29 Jun-04 Jul      997 *    50                ATL
 04   Claudette     08-17 Jul          982 *    80                ATL
 05   Danny          16-23 Jul         1005      65                ATL
 06   -----              19-21 Jul         1008      30                ATL
 07   -----              25-27 Jul         1016 *    30                ATL
 08   Erika            12-17 Aug          987 *    65                ATL
 09   -----              21-22 Aug         1008      30                ATL
 10   Fabian         27 Aug-09 Sep      939 *   125                ATL
 11   Grace          30 Aug-02 Sep     1008 *    35                ATL
 12   Henri           03-13 Sep          997 *    50                ATL
 13   Isabel          06-22 Sep          920 *   145                ATL
 14   -----             08-10 Sep         1007      30                ATL
 15   Juan            25-30 Sep          970 *    90                ATL
 16   Kate            25 Sep-09 Oct      952     110                ATL
 17   Larry           30 Sep-06 Oct      993 *    55                ATL
 --   -----               09-12 Oct         1007      30                ATL (1)
 18   Mindy          10-14 Oct         1002 *    40                ATL
 19   Nicholas      13-23 Oct          990      60                ATL
 --   -----              14-19 Oct         1002      30                ATL (2)
 --   -----              27 Oct-06 Nov     1006      40                ATL (3)
 20   Odette        04-09 Dec          994 *    55                ATL
 21   Peter           02-11 Dec          990      60                ATL

 NOTES:

 (1) System was a non-tropical LOW which at one point had some extensive
     convection east of the center.

 (2) System displayed some organized convection, but was a warm-frontal
     hybrid.

 (3) System was non-tropical but occasionally made attempts to develop
     subtropical characteristics; peak winds taken from ship reports.




                             ATLANTIC BASIN 2004




 NUM  NAME          DATES           CENT PRS   MSW               BASIN
                                      (mb)    (kts)
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------

 01   Alex              31 Jul-06 Aug      957 *   105                ATL
 02   Bonnie          03-14 Aug         1001 *    55                ATL
 03   Charley         09-15 Aug          941 *   130                ATL
 04   Danielle        13-24 Aug          964      95                ATL
 05   Earl              13-15 Aug         1009 *    45                ATL
 06   Frances        25 Aug-10 Sep      935 *   125                ATL
 07   Gaston         27 Aug-03 Sep      985 *    65                ATL
 08   Hermine       27-31 Aug         1002 *    50                ATL
 09   Ivan             02-24 Sep          910 *   145                ATL
 10   -----              07-10 Sep         1009      30                ATL
 11   Jeanne         13-29 Sep          950 *   105                ATL
 12   Karl              16-28 Sep          938     125                ATL
 13   Lisa              19 Sep-03 Oct      987      65                ATL
 14   Matthew       08-11 Oct          997 *    40                ATL
 15   Nicole           10-11 Oct          986      45                ATL (1)
 16   Otto             26 Nov-05 Dec      995      45                ATL (2)

 NOTES:

 (1) System was a subtropical storm which never developed full tropical
     cyclone characteristics.

 (2) System was initially a subtropical storm which evolved into a tropical
     storm.  The peak winds of 45 kts occurred during the subtropical storm
     stage--the highest MSW after transforming into a tropical storm was
     40 kts.




 
                               ATLANTIC BASIN 2005


 
  NUM  NAME          DATES           CENT PRS   MSW               BASIN
                                       (mb)    (kts)
  ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
  01   Arlene           08-13 Jun          989 *    60                ATL
  02   Bret              28-30 Jun         1002 *    35                ATL
  03   Cindy            03-08 Jul          991 *    65                ATL (1)
  04   Dennis          05-13 Jul          930 *   130                ATL
  05   Emily            11-21 Jul          929 *   140                ATL (2)
  06   Franklin        21-31 Jul          997      60                ATL
  07   Gert             23-25 Jul         1005 *    40                ATL
  08   Harvey         02-12 Aug          994 *    55                ATL
  09   Irene            04-18 Aug          970      90                ATL
  10   -----              13-14 Aug         1008      30                ATL
  11   Jose             22-23 Aug          998 *    50                ATL (7)
  12   Katrina         23-31 Aug          902 *   150                ATL
  13   Lee              28 Aug-02 Sep     1006      35                ATL
  14   Maria           01-12 Sep          962     100                ATL
  15   Nate            05-12 Sep          979      80                ATL
  16   Ophelia        06-20 Sep          976 *    75                ATL
  17   Philippe       17-24 Sep          985 *    70                ATL
  18   Rita             18-26 Sep          895 *   155                ATL (3)
  19   -----             30 Sep-02 Oct     1006      30                ATL
  20   Stan            01-05 Oct          977 *    70                ATL
  21   Tammy         05-06 Oct         1001 *    45                ATL
  22   -----             08-09 Oct         1008      30                ATL (4)
  23   Vince           09-11 Oct          988      65                ATL
  24   Wilma         15-26 Oct          882 *   160                ATL (5)
  25   Alpha          22-24 Oct          998      45                ATL
  26   Beta            27-31 Oct          960 *   100                ATL (8)
  27   Gamma       14-21 Nov         1002 *    45                ATL (6)
  28   Delta           21-30 Nov          980      60                ATL
  29   Epsilon       28 Nov-09 Dec      981      75                ATL
  30   Zeta           30 Dec-06 Jan      994      55                ATL
 
  NOTES:
 
  (1) Operationally, Cindy was treated as a tropical storm.  It was
      upgraded to a hurricane in post-storm analysis
.
 
  (2) Emily's peak MSW was upped from 135 kts to 140 kts during post-storm
      analysis, thereby upgrading the storm to Category 5 status.
 
  (3) Rita's minimum CP was lowered from 897 mb to 895 mb and peak MSW
      upped from 150 kts to 155 kts during post-storm analysis.
 
  (4) System was classified as a subtropical depression.
 
  (5) Wilma's peak MSW was upped from 150 kts to 160 kts during post-storm
      analysis.  The CP of 882 mb is the lowest ever measured in an
      Atlantic tropical cyclone.
 
  (6) Gamma's peak MSW was upped from 40 kts to 45 kts during post-storm
      analysis.
 
  (7) Jose's minimum CP was lowered from 1001 mb to 998 mb and peak MSW
      upped from 45 kts to 50 kts during post-storm analysis.
 
  (8) The official TPC/NHC report on Beta is not yet available online, so
      the CP and MSW given here represent the operational values.





                               ATLANTIC BASIN 2006




   NUM  NAME          DATES           CENT PRS   MSW               BASIN
                                        (mb)    (kts)
   ------------------------------------------------------------------------

   01   Alberto        10-19 Jun          995 *    60                ATL
   02   -----             16-19 Jul          998      45                ATL (1)
   03   Beryl           18-22 Jul         1001 *    50                ATL
   04   Chris           01-06 Aug         1001 *    55                ATL
   05   Debby         21-28 Aug          999      45                ATL
   06   Ernesto       24 Aug-04 Sep      985 *    65                ATL
   07   Florence      03-19 Sep          974 *    80                ATL
   08   Gordon        10-24 Sep          955     105                ATL
   09   Helene        12-27 Sep          955 *   105                ATL
   10   Isaac           27 Sep-03 Oct      985      75                ATL
 

   NOTES:
 
   (1) This system was added during TPC/NHC's post-season analysis and
       review.  It was not carried operationally as a tropical cyclone.
       There was no track for this system in the Global Tropical Cyclone
       Tracks file prepared by the author.




                                ATLANTIC BASIN 2007 - NHC


Subtropical Storm ANDREA
Tropical Storm BARRY
Tropical Storm CHANTAL
Hurricane DEAN
Tropical Storm ERIN
Hurricane FELIX
Tropical Storm GABRIELLE
Tropical Storm INGRID
Hurricane HUMBERTO
Tropical Depression TEN
Tropical Storm JERRY
Tropical Storm KAREN
Hurricane LORENZO
Tropical Storm MELISSA
Tropical Depression FIFTEEN
Hurricane NOEL
Tropical Storm OLGA


...BUSCANDO MÁS DATOS




                                ATLANTIC BASIN 2008



  NUM  NAME          DATES           CENT PRS   MSW               BASIN
                                       (mb)    (kts)
  -------------------------------------------------------------------------

  01   Arthur           31 May-02 Jun     1004 *    40                ATL
  02   Bertha          03-20 Jul          952     110                ATL
  03   Cristobal      19-24 Jul          998 *    55                ATL
  04   Dolly             20-28 Jul          963 *    85                ATL
  05   Edouard       03-07 Aug          996 *    55                ATL
  06   Fay              15-28 Aug          986 *    60                ATL
  07   Gustav         25 Aug-04 Sep      941 *   130                ATL
  08   Hanna          28 Aug-12 Sep      977 *    75                ATL
  09   Ike               01-15 Sep          935     125                ATL
  10   Josephine     02-06 Sep          994      55                ATL
  --   -----                23-26 Sep          990      55                ATL (1)
  11   Kyle              25-29 Sep          984      75                ATL
  12   Laura           26 Sep-05 Oct      994      50                ATL (2)
  13   Marco          06-08 Oct          998 *    55                ATL
  14   Nana           12-14 Oct         1004      35                ATL
  15   Omar           13-21 Oct          958 *   115                ATL
  16   -----             14-16 Oct         1004      25                ATL
  17   Paloma        05-10 Nov          944 *   125                ATL

  NOTES:

  (1) System was a frontal hybrid which developed pronounced subtropical
      cyclone characteristics before moving onshore in the Carolinas.
      Convection was quite well-organized but surface data showed the LOW
      to still have a frontal structure.  In its earlier stages, as an
      extratropical storm, the system had produced hurricane-force winds.

  (2) This system was named as a subtropical storm and later acquired
      tropical cyclone characteristics.
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Re: SOBRE HURACANES / TIFONES / CICLONES
« Respuesta #67 en: Septiembre 17, 2010, 23:30:42 »
RECORDS de la temporada 2010 - septiembre

http://www.wunderground.com/blog/JeffMasters/comment.html?entrynum=1623

un dato destacable esta temporada es la existencia de 3 huracanes mayores al mismo tiempo en el atlantico: Igor,Julia y Karl

Tambien son destacables por sus localizaciones raras o sin precedentes:

JULIA fue el huracan más fuerte tan lejos al Este

KARLfue el huracan más fuerte tan al Sur en el Golfo de Mexico

EARL fue el 4º huracan atlantico más fuerte tan al Norte

Responsable de la actividad inusual de los huracanes mayores fue posiblemente el SST record en el atlantico este año
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Re: SOBRE HURACANES / TIFONES / CICLONES
« Respuesta #68 en: Noviembre 28, 2010, 18:07:49 »




Estació oceanogràfica del Pont del petroli

Útil saber que:                          

1 nus nàutic = 1,85 Quilòmetres/h                     
1 Quilòmetres/h = 0.54 nusos náuticos
1 peu = 30.48 cm
1 m/s= 3,6 Quilòmetres/h

Equivalencia Knots (Kt)/ Quilòmetre/h

15 kts--->28 km/h        20 kts--->37 km/h
25 kts--->46 km/h        30 kts--->56 km/h   
35 kts--->65 km/h        40 kts--->74 km/h
45 kts--->83 km/h        50 kts--->93 km/h   
55 kts--->102 km/h      60 kts--->111 km/h
65 kts--->120 km/h      70 kts--->130 km/h
75 kts--->139 km/h      80 kts--->148 km/h
85 kts--->158 km/h      90 kts--->167 km/h
95 kts--->176 km/h      100 kts--->185 km/h
105 kts--->195 km/h    110 kts--->204 km/h
115 kts--->213 km/h    120 kts--->222 km/h
125 kts--->232 km/h    130 kts--->241 km/h
135 kts--->250 km/h    140 kts--->259 km/h
145 kts--->269 km/h    150 kts--->278 km/h
155 kts--->287 km/h    160 kts--->296 km/h
165 kts--->306 km/h    170 kts--->315 km/h


 .-b
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